Material: Constructed from high - purity oxygen - free copper (purity ≥99.97%), the conductors are often tinned to enhance corrosion resistance. This high - quality copper ensures extremely low electrical resistance, minimizing power losses during transmission. The tin coating provides an additional layer of protection, safeguarding the copper from oxidation, which is crucial for maintaining stable performance in outdoor environments exposed to moisture, humidity, and varying weather conditions.

Stranding: Utilizes a stranded design, which offers a good balance between flexibility and strength. This allows the cable to be easily routed around complex structures, through conduits, and in tight spaces during installation, while still being able to withstand mechanical stress and vibrations without compromising the integrity of the conductors.

Inner Insulation: Cross - linked polyethylene (XLPE) is commonly employed as the inner insulation material. XLPE provides exceptional electrical insulation properties, effectively preventing electrical leakage and short circuits. It also exhibits excellent thermal stability, enabling the cable to operate reliably within a wide temperature range from - 40°C to + 90°C, and can tolerate short - term temperature spikes up to + 120°C. This makes the cable suitable for diverse climates, from extremely cold regions to hot, arid areas.

Insulation Thickness: Carefully calibrated to balance optimal insulation performance with a manageable cable size. The sufficient thickness ensures reliable electrical isolation while facilitating installation and handling, without adding excessive bulk to the cable.

Material: Composed of UV - stabilized, halogen - free thermoplastic elastomer (TPE). This outer sheath offers comprehensive protection against various environmental factors. It provides high resistance to long - term UV radiation, preventing degradation of the cable material over time. Additionally, it effectively shields the cable from moisture, abrasion, and exposure to mild chemicals, significantly extending the cable's lifespan and ensuring consistent performance in outdoor PV installations.

Color Coding: Typically color - coded for easy polarity identification. For example, a black outer sheath may indicate the negative conductor, while a red or brown sheath is used to signify the positive conductor. This clear color - coding system simplifies the installation process and reduces the risk of incorrect polarity connections, which could lead to system malfunctions or equipment damage.

Termination: Use high - quality connectors specifically rated for 16mm² cables and the cable's voltage and current capacity. When crimping or soldering the connectors, ensure a proper and secure connection to minimize electrical resistance and prevent overheating. For example, when using MC4 connectors, follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully to ensure a tight and reliable connection.

Routing: When routing the cable, adhere strictly to the minimum bend radius requirements to avoid damaging the insulation and conductors. Support and protect the cable using appropriate cable clips, conduits, or trays, especially in areas where it may be exposed to mechanical stress, such as along sharp edges, corners, or in areas with heavy foot or vehicle traffic. Keep the cable away from other electrical cables and sources of electromagnetic interference to ensure stable power transmission.

Polarity Verification: Before powering on the PV system, double - check the polarity of the cable connections. Incorrect polarity can cause serious damage to the connected equipment, including inverters, batteries, and other electrical components. Use a multimeter or other appropriate testing equipment to verify the correct polarity and ensure the proper functioning of the system.

Regular Inspection: Conduct comprehensive visual inspections of the cable at least once every six months, or more frequently in harsh environments. Look for signs of damage, such as cuts, cracks, or discoloration of the insulation, as well as any signs of wear or abrasion on the outer sheath. Check the connectors for any indications of overheating, corrosion, or looseness. Early detection of issues allows for timely repairs or replacements, preventing more significant problems and potential system failures.

Cleaning: If dirt, dust, or debris accumulates on the cable, clean it gently using a soft, damp cloth. Avoid using abrasive materials or harsh chemicals, as they can damage the outer sheath and compromise the cable's protective properties. In areas with high pollution or salt exposure, more frequent cleaning may be required to maintain the cable's performance and lifespan.

Performance Testing: Periodically perform electrical performance tests on the cable, including measuring the insulation resistance and DC resistance. A significant decrease in insulation resistance or an increase in DC resistance may indicate internal damage or degradation of the cable. If such issues are detected, consult a professional technician to determine the appropriate course of action, which may include cable replacement or repair.